President Barack Obama's promise to create a path to citizenship for illegal immigrants has faced a major roadblock due to resistance in Congress.

He took steps on his own to give temporary status to certain illegal immigrants, but he has not gone as far as providing a path to citizenship.

During his 2008 campaign, Obama promised to support "a system that allows undocumented immigrants who are in good standing to pay a fine, learn English, and go to the back of the line for the opportunity to become citizens."

In 2012, Obama announced Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, which gives temporary status for undocumented immigrants who came to the country as children. Almost 700,000 have been approved for DACA and about 443,000 have renewed their two-year deferral. But this program does not provide permanent lawful status to applicants.

In 2013, a bipartisan group of senators dubbed the Gang of Eight -- including GOP presidential candidate Marco Rubio of Florida -- introduced legislation to overhaul immigration laws. That bill included several hurdles for illegal immigrants, including fines, background checks and a waiting period, before they could be on a path to citizenship. We rated Obama's progress In the Works when the bill was unveiled in 2013.

However, the bill never became law. The bill passed the Senate June 27, 2013, but when House leadership refused to bring it up for a vote, it stalled.

House Speaker Paul Ryan said in November 2015 that he would not bring immigration legislation to Obama. Immigration policy has been a hot topic during the presidential primary. Many candidates in the GOP presidential field have either opposed a path to citizenship or sent mixed signals about it, despite the Republican National Committee's advice in 2013 to embrace comprehensive reform for the next election.

After Congress refused to take up the bill, Obama acted on his own. In November 2014 he announced his administration's plan to delay deportation of unauthorized immigrants for the parents of children who fall under the DACA criteria as well as expand DACA eligibility. To qualify, these parents had to have been in the country for more than five years and met other criteria. But this program has been put on hold amid court challenges.

"Only an act of Congress can bring this into being," said Frank Sharry, executive director of America's Voice, an organization that supports path to citizenship.  "We have no hope that Congress will pass a path to citizenship this year."

We rate outcomes not intentions, and Obama has not delivered on his promise to provide a path to citizenship. We rate this a Promise Broken.