During the 2008 presidential campaign, Barack Obama promised to "thin the ranks of Washington middle managers, freeing up resources both for deficit reduction and for increasing the number of frontline workers."

When we asked the Office of Personnel Management and the Office of Management and Budget for statistics to back this up, they were unable to provide data specifically addressing "middle managers."

"I suspect part of the problem is definitional – what is a "middle manager" in the federal context?" said John M. Palguta, vice president for policy at the Partnership for Public Service. "Is it anyone who is above the level of a first-line supervisor, or only individuals who head organizational units that have lower-level managers or supervisors?"

Either way, he said, there is no code in the federal personnel data base to capture such a designation.

"My finger-on-the-pulse sense of things is, given the budget pressures over the last couple of years, at a minimum there has been no growth in the ranks of 'middle managers," " Palguta said. "However, I am not aware of any coordinated, strategic attempt to reduce the number of 'middle managers" government-wide, and certainly none that has achieved any measurable results."

We are happy to change the ruling if the administration presents us with statistics documenting a reduction in middle managers. But we believe the burden of proof should be on the administration to demonstrate what, if anything, it has done about shrinking the federal workforce. And in the absence of such data, we rule this a Promise Broken.